In May 2003, a court in Kislovodsk sentenced former traffic police (GAI) officer Stanislav Lyubichev to four years in prison for his role in the 1999 apartment bombings. According to the Stavropol Krai Prosecutor's Office, Lyubichev facilitated the transport of six tons of hexogen, mixed with aluminum powder, ammonium nitrate, and sugar, into Moscow during August 1999. Lyubichev claimed he was unaware of the explosives, believing instead that his acquaintance Yusuf Krymshamkhalov and an associate named Dekkushev were transporting sugar for sale. For using an escort vehicle to bypass checkpoint inspections for their KamAZ truck, Lyubichev reportedly accepted a single bag of sugar as a bribe. He was convicted under Article 290 of the Criminal Code for bribery.